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MBI Metal Halide - Quartz Style
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Updated
12-III-2011 |
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Although the origins of the metal halide lamp can be traced back to a 1912 patent taken out by GE's Charles Steinmetz, the practical lamps based on current technologies first appeared in the labs of Osram in Germany, and of GE in USA, in the late 1950s. It was not until the mid 1960s that commercial products appeared.
The technology is a development of the high pressure mercury lamp, to which trace additions of various other metals are added in the form of their halide compounds. These are vaporised into the discharge and contribute their spectral output, and materials are selected which fill in the gaps in the mercury spectrum to deliver a light source having considerably improved colour properties. The luminous efficacy of the lamps is also increased owing to a reduction in the generation of invisible ultraviolet radiation.
It is necessary to add the metals in the form of halides because the metals themselves usually have too low a vapour pressure to participate in the discharge, but the halides are vaporised very much more readily. In addition the additive metals are rather corrosive towards the quartz discharge tube wall, but when halides are employed, they always exist in compound form on the quartz surface in which state they are very much less reactive, thus minimising the corrosion problems. |
| | High Wattage Lamps |
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Philips |
2000W |
| HPI-T lamp of First Gen. with Na-Tl-In chemistry |
| 1968 |
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Mazda |
2000W |
| MAIH 2000 B High Wattage Metal Halide |
| 1978 |
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Thorn |
1500W |
| MBIL/H High Wattage Double Ended Linear |
| 1988 |
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| | Medium Wattage Lamps |
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Sylvania |
400W |
| MetalArc Na-Sc lamp with flat mounting frame |
| 1965 |
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GE |
400W |
| Multi-Vapor MV-400/BD with Na-Sc chemistry |
| 1973 |
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Narva |
400W |
| Nachroma NC400-00 with Na-In-Tl chemistry |
| 1984 |
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Wotan |
400W |
| HQI-T 400/DV Daylight Vertical Rare Earth |
| 1988 |
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Tungsram |
400W |
| HgMIF 400/DH Daylight Horizontal Rare Earth |
| 1992 |
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Osram |
400W |
| HQI-BT 400W/D Daylight Universal Rare Earth |
| 2001 |
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Philips |
400W |
| HPI-BUS Self-Starting Mercury Lamp Retrofit |
| 1987 |
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GE |
175W |
| Multi-Vapor II (Halarc) high-lumen electronic |
| 1989 |
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Thorn |
250W |
| MBIF/H/S Lithium doped for Marks & Spencer |
| 1990 |
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Thorn |
250W |
| Kolorarc MBI-T 250W tri-band high lumen output |
| 1991 |
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Iwasaki |
400W |
| Mutli-Super Ace 5-band Mercury Retrofit (Teflon) |
| 2002 |
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Sylvania |
400W |
| Super MetalArc Horiz. with curved arc tube |
| 2000 |
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Sylvania |
1000W |
| Super MetalArc Vertical with fattened arc tube |
| 1984 |
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Philips |
1500W |
| Z-Lamp with offset arc tube for sports lighting |
| 2003 |
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Wotan |
250W |
| Powerstar HQI-R with integral reflector |
| 1987 |
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Venture |
400W |
| Glare-Guard with crown silvered outer bulb |
| 1992 |
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| | Compact Lamps |
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GE |
35 / 55W |
| 'First Light' Electronic Halarc Self Ballasted |
| 1981 |
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GE |
32W |
| Halarc MXR low wattage for open fixtures |
| 1990 |
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Sylvania |
100W |
| MetalArc Protected for open fixtures |
| 1986 |
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Philips |
75W |
| MHN "Thulium Lamp" High-CRI Prototype |
| 1985 |
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Philips |
70W |
| MHN-T Open Fixture Single Ended |
| 1996 |
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Osram |
150W |
| HQI-TS 150W/NDL Double Ended Compact |
| 1989 |
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Thorn |
200W |
| Arcstream MBI-T Single Ended Prototype |
| 1985 |
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Osram |
70W |
| HQI-T 70W/WDL Single Ended Compact |
| 1994 |
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Philips |
35W |
| MHN-TC Experimental Single Ended Compact |
| 1993 |
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Iwasaki |
150W |
| ColorArc 3500K with exceptionally high Ra 96 |
| 1988 |
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Iwasaki |
70W |
| ColorArc 6500K PAR36 High-CRI Metal Halide |
| 1999 |
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Sylvania |
35W |
| BriteSpot ES50 Compact Metal Halide Reflector |
| 2003 |
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| | Coloured Light |
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Tesla |
400W |
| RVIZ Thallium Iodide Green colour lamp |
| 1975 |
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GEC |
400W |
| MBI/U Indium Iodide Blue colour lamp |
| 1986 |
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YaMing |
250W |
| JLC250 Sodium-Lithium-Indium Red colour lamp |
| 2004 |
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Narva |
400W |
| NC400-04 Bilirubinaemia Gallium-Indium lamp |
| 1981 |
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